PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF AFFORESTATION ON SANDY TIN TAILINGS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

Abstract

Large tracts of unproductive tin tailings occur in Peninsular Malaysia. This paper surveys the problems of afforestation on sandy tin tailings, which comprise an estimated 80% of total tin tailings. High sand composition, low nutrients, low organic matter, low moisture and high ground temperature make sandy tin tailings unsuitable for tree planting. Solutions to the identified problems are suggested. These include improvement of the tailings' moisture and fertility, and the introduction of beneficial microorganisms. In addition, the legal and silviculture aspects of afforestation on sandy tin tailings are discussed.