EFFICIENT CALLUS FORMATION AND ANTHOCYANIN PRODUCTION FROM THREATENED MANGROVE SPECIES XYLOCARPUS GRANATUM KOENIG

Abstract

Present study was employed to conserve Xylocarpus granatum using in vitro technique. Nowadays tissue culture is also applied for production of various metabolites in several plant species. However, there is no report on the production of anthocyanin from in vitro study of this species. This investigation was carried out all over the year considering the leaf, internodal and nodal segments as explants for callus induction. These explants were cultured in various media like MS, LS, WPM and X with different combination of plant growth regulators like 2, 4-D, NAA and BA. Considering mangrove, the effect of NaCl at different concentrations like 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mM on callus initiation, growth and anthocyanin production were also examined. Highest rate of callus and anthocyanin production was achieved with leaf explants collected during monsoon season. The MS medium found to be superior to other medium for callusing with 2.5 mg/L 2, 4-D and 1 mg/L BA in combination and 20mM NaCl addition. Anthocyanin production was exhibited after thirty days of inoculation in same media and plant growth regulator combinations. The addition of NaCl inhibited the anthocyanin production. The total anthocyanin content was 4.5 CV/g fresh weight of callus. During callus culture some globular embryo was also formed which was confirmed by histological studies. The present research gives an opportunity to examine the salt and salinity mechanism, and genetic transformation experiment at cellular level of this species. This protocol found to be very suitable for production of anthocyanin from callus of this species.