MYCOPHARMACEUTICALS FROM WILD BASIDIOMYCETES: CURRENT RESEARCH AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Abstract

Basidiomycetes found in forest ecosystems have been used traditionally as food and medicine for centuries, and various studies have validated many of their health benefits. In recent years, the focus in medicinal basidiomycetes has increased, and several notable trends in their application and research have been observed. In light of the emerging literatures, this review attempts to summarise and discuss evidences from the past decade on the importance of exploring basidiomycetes for their pharmacological properties. It also aims to serve as a critical reference for research works focused on the potentials of wild basidiomycetes in Malaysia, as well as from worldwide, to produce a diverse range of bioactive metabolites. Special attention is given to the low-molecular weight bioactive compounds produced in cultured mycelium and culture broth of these macrofungi. It further highlights the unique attributes of wild bioluminescent basidiomycetes species which hold great potential to be harnessed for mycopharmaceuticals with commercial applications in healthcare industries.